Vapor lamp or stove of the pressure type



Jul 16, 1929.

T. TERRELL, JR

VAPOR LAMP OR STOVE OF THE PRESSURE TYPE Filed Sept. 20, 1927 PatentedJuly 16, 1929.

UNITED STATES THOMAS TERRELL, JR.,

OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

VAPOR LAMP OR S'I'OVE OF THE PRESSURE TYPE.

Application filed September 20, 1927, Serial No. 220,699pand in GreatBritain September 21, 1926.

This invention relates to vapor lamps or stoves of the pressure type andhas for its object to provide an improved form of generating orvaporizing device applicable thereto.

Hitherto these devices have possessed the defect that the heat necessaryto vaporize the paraffin or the like ascending to the burner causes acertain proportion of the paraffin or the like to be cracked with theresult that an amount of free carbon is formed which in time clogs thevaporizing tube and the burner orifice or orifices to such an extentthat the lamp or stove ceases to function.

The object of the present invention is to overcome the diflicultieshitherto experienced by providing improved means for feeding thevaporized parafiin or the like to the burner and for trapping orcollecting free carbon and thus preventing it from reaching and cloggingthe burner orifice.

According to the invention an improved method of vaporizing parafiin orthe like is provided which consists in heating the liquid fuel ascendingthrough a vertical tube and in causing expansion and cooling of thevaporized fuel in such a manner that its direction of flow is changedand its free carbon content is removed. The vapor ascending from aheated feed tube is preferably caused to change its flow from an upwardto a downward direction and againto an upward direction in passingthrough a succession of devices constituting traps for free carbonbefore reaching the burner orifice. According to one form oftheinvention, the ascending vapor is deflected so as to cause it to pass insuccession through two receptacles in which free carbon can collect.According to the preferred form of the invention the feed tube throughwhich the paraffin or the like ascends from the reservoir of the lamp tothe burner is open at its upper end but is provided with a partition ashort distance below the upper end which preventsthe parafiin fromtaking a direct upward path to the burner. I The interior of this tubeis provided with a roll or filling of metal gauze which is preferablysecured in position in such a manner as tobe readily renewable withoutany possibility of freed carbon entering the burner nipple during theoperation of removing the gauze. At a point a little below the partitionin the tube a number of perforations or slots may be made in the wall ofthe tube which communicate with a chamber entirely surrounding the upperportion of the tube such chamber being preferably domed or coned at itsupper end where it is provided with a screw threaded seating for adetachable burner nozzle the lower end of which enters but does notengage the upper end of the aforesaid supply tube.

Reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings which illustrateby way of example constructions according to the invention and in whichFigure 1 is a section through the feed tube, burner and associated partsof a pressure vapor lamp and Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of thecorresponding parts of a lamp suitable for burning petrol.

In the form shown in Figure 1 the feed tube 1 through which the paraffinis caused to ascend to the burner by the pressure of air pumped into theparaffin reservoir in the well known way, and which is arranged to beheated by the flames in the mantles 2, so as to provide a continuoussupply of vaporized parafiin, contains a roll of metal gauze 3 zvlgichextends to a point near the top of the At a pointbetween the upper limitof the metal gauze 3 and the upper end of the tube 1 the tube is blockedby means of a partition 4, and the tube is formed at points above andbelow this partition with openings 5 through I which the tubecommunicates with an annular expansion chamber 6 which surrounds thetube 1 adjacent the partition 4. The bulb 6 or expansion chamber ispreferably made in two parts which are screw threaded into the centralfeed tube 1 and all joints between these parts are silver soldered orbrazed to prevent leakage of paraffin to the exterior of the tube orbulb. The bulb 6 is also placed as high as possible above the flames soas to localize cracking of the paraffin vapor.

At its upper end the tube 1 carries a fine nozzle 7 constituting theburner orifice which is screwed into the upper end of the tube so thatit can be removed for cleaning purposes and which is provided with atubular extension 8'screwed into the body of the nozzle 7 and providedinternally with three convex pieces of metal gauze 11. This tube 8projects into the tube 1 to a point below the openings 5 above thepartition 4 so that the vaporized paraffin is caused to flow downwardlybetween the tubes 1 and 8 and then upwardly through the tube 8 to thenozzle opening as indicated by the arrows.

The nozzle 7 projects into a mixing chamher 9 formed with an opening 10through which air is drawn into the mixing chamber around the nozzle 7and a pair of mantles 2 are carried on tubes or ducts 12 connected tothe mixing chamber 9.

In the operation of the arrangement shown in Figure 1 the ascendingparaflin becomes heated as it nears the upper end of the supply tube bythe heat of the flame in the mantles 2, and as certain, proportion ofthe carbon. formed is caught by the meshes of the gauze lining in thetube 1. The vaporized product passes outwardly through the perforations5 below the partition at into the expansion chamber 6 which also acts asa trap for free carbon. The vapor is now free of much of its carbon anddescends through the annular space between the tubular extension 8 andthe supply tube 1 wherein a further deposit of carbon takes place. Thecourse of the va- )01' is now chan ed to an u ward one and it ascendsthrough the extension 8 which serves to deflect any remaining carbonaway from the actual nozzle orifice by reason of the downward motionwhich it imparts to the vapor as it leaves the bulb 6 and also by reasonof the gauze elements 11. By this construction arrangements are providedfor trapping i'ree carbon in four separate ways that is by means of thegauze lining, the chamber, the upper end of the supply tube, and theinterior of the burner. The co-operation between these devices inproviding an illuminating vapor substantially free from carbonmaterially lengthens the life of the burner as not only is the fineburner orifice maintained practically free from carbon but the deviceitself. is so constructed that its various parts may be easilydismantled for cleaning purposes.

In the form of construction shown in Fig ure 2 which is speciallyadapted for petrol burning lamps an expansion chamber 13 is connected toa nozzle '14 and a supply tube 15 respectively by swan neck tubes 16 and17. The interior of the expansion chamber 13 is ofa construction similarto the chamber 6 in Figure l and within the upper portion of the tube 16is disposed a piece of metal gauze 18. To prevent surging of petrol inthe tube 17 its interior is fitted with two pieces of coarse metal gauze19 and 20 between which is dis posed a wad 21 of asbestos fibre. Thebase of this tube 17 is screw threaded for engagement with the reservoirof the lamp or with a tube cxtendin upwardly therefrom. The position ofthe mantles is indicated by the broken lines 22 and these aresuiiiciently close to the lower curved portion 2-3 of the tube 17 toenable a match applied to this portion of the tube to serve the dualpurpose of heating the tube which is of thin metal and of lighting theincandescent burners. The operation of the device in eliminating freecarbon parti cles from the ascending petrol vapor is the same as thatdescribed with reference to Figure 1.

While the invention has been described and illustrated as applied to avapor lamp it will be understood that the invention is also applicableto a vapor stove of the pressure type.

I claim 1. A. generator or vaporizer for vapor lamps or stoves of thepressure type wherein the feed tube through which the vapor ascends fromthe reservoir of the lamp or stove to the burner is provided with afilling of metal gauze and is blocked at a point near the burner orificebeing provided above and below this point with openings communicatingwith the interior of a closed expansion chamber surrounding the tube,the vapor leaving said chamber by the upper openings and being deflecteddownwardly by a tube of smaller diameter extending into the upper end ofthe blocked feed tube and ascending through said smaller tube to theburner orifice.

2. A generator or vaporizer for vapor lamps or stoves of the pressuretype, including a feed tube, a burner orifice at the upper end of saidtube, an expansion chamber, and

means for causing the vapor ascending in said tube to flow from saidchamber inwardly and downwardly and then upwardly to said burnerorifice.

3. A generator or vaporizer for vapor lamps or stoves of the pressuretype, including a feed tube, a burner orifice at the upper end of saidtube, means for closing said tube near its upper end to form areceptacle for free carbon, said tube having apertures above and belowsaid closing means, and an expansion chamber communicating with saidtube through said apertures.

4:. A generator or vaporizer for vapor lam as or stoves of the ressure te includin a feed tube, a partition closing said tube near its upperend, said tube having apertures above and below said partition, anexpansion chamber communicating with said tube through said apertures,and a burner orifice on said tube having a tubular extension projectinginto said feed tube to a point short of said partition.

5. A generator or vaporizer for vapor lamps or stoves of the pressuretype, including a feed tube, having a filling of metal. gauze toconstitute a trap for free carbon, a partition closing said tube nearits upper end, said tube having apertures above and below saidpartition, an expansion chamber communieating with a tube through saidapertures, and a burner orifice at the upper end of said tube.

6. A generator or vaporizer for vapor lamps or stoves of the pressuretype, having incandescent burners, including a feed tube, a

burner orifice at the upper end of said tube, means for closing saidtube at its upper end, said tube having apertures above and below saidclosing means, and an expansion chamber communicating with said tubethrough said apertures, said tube being curved downward- 1y between theincandescent burners and upwards to the expansion chamberfor the purposeof providing a portion adapted to be heated in starting the operation ofthe lamp.

7. A generator or vaporizer for vapor lamps or stoves of, the pressuretype, including a feed tube a burner orifice at the upper end of saidtube, means for closing said tube near its upper end, said tube havingapertures above and below said closing means, and an expansion chambercommunicating with said tube through said apertures, said feed tubebeing provided near its lower end with two fillings of metal gauze,Witha wad of asbestos fiber between them for the purpose of preventingsurging of petrol or the like from the reservoir into the feed tube.

In witness whereof I affix my signature.

THOMAS TERRELL, JR.

